我很少在鸦打的茶馆里提及污染与健康的话题。但是，进入10月份的这几日里，霾的频率和程度实在是很严重，令我这个过敏性鼻炎的人在社区里拜访客人真的是很辛苦。这一次，香港没有再单一的指责内地了，空氣污染出現新謎團：
維港上空今夏的藍天白雲，一度令官民以為空氣質素改善的好夢終於成真；可惜踏入秋季，本港又再陷於「烏煙瘴氣」，連黃金周珠三角工廠停產都於事無補，創下今年空氣污染指數最高紀錄的地區，竟然是沙田。
作为社区医生，他自己也许看不到自己可以在空气污染和客人健康之间能够做出的努力。但实际上，健康城市，包括一个污染极为轻微环境，正是全科医生、社会医学的相互协作结果。
全科医生，如果调动了社区核心力量对环境的重视，改善水、空气和土壤的化学、物理或噪音污染，实际上就是作为中间人激励了社区自行改善和维持一个适合健康发展的环境。这包括每一个居民、每个家庭，以及社区里面重要的资源。
谁说医生只是懂得处方纸、注射器和手术刀？
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作为一名提供儿童保健的医师，她必定经常遇到家长对铅污染的咨询，无论是直接的疑问、还是隐匿的健康问题。在中国内地，毫无疑问铅对空气污的染是影响儿童健康的最主要形式。不过，国外是另外一种情况：儿童用品。Lead Paint, Toys and Children，采用自华尔街健康日志，作者Jacob Goldstein提到：
In a world full of risks, it’s tough to know what’s really worth worrying about. So when the Health Blog read this morning that Mattel’s Fisher-Price recalled nearly a million toys because they had unsafe levels of lead-based paint, we wanted to understand the health hazard better.
这一次，再次和中国制造有关，但是其总公司是美国Mattel。
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世界银行发布的Cost of Pollution in China（PDF，初稿，共151页，建议使用Foxit Reader），引起了Peking Authority的抗议和反弹，这只能说明官老爷们在宴会上放了个响屁。
满大人可以请御用专家闷头做一个正面的调查，但是不要傻到再出一些陈敏章式的糗
中国卫生服务公平性、可及性倒数第四，不可能
我气得说不出话来了，欢迎Blogger们广为传播和评论。
以下引述未取得Worldbank同意，内容也极长，仅以表达我对你们的敬意：
In Beijing, the overall team was lead by GuoXiaomin, a senior advisor to the State Environ-mental Protection Administration (SEPA). Histeam included Yu Fang from the China Acad-emy of Environmental Planning (CAEP), whohas handled the overall technical coordination,Zhou Guomei coordinated the Valuation ofEnvironmental Health Risk (VEHR) studytogether with Zhang Kai, Zhou Jun and WuYuping from the Policy Research Center forEnvironment & Economy. Pan Xiaochuan atthe Medical College of Peking University lead ateam on dose response function development,which included Wang Lihua, and Jiang Jinhua.Monitoring data was provided by the ChinaNational Monitoring Centre by Zhuo Jianping,Ling Lixin, Fu Deqing and WuHuaimin. ZhaoYaoming has participated from the Ministry ofAgriculture.A team from the Water Resources andHydropower Planning and Design Institute ofthe Ministry of Water Resources (MWR) leadby Li Yuanyuan, which also included Zhou Zhi-wei, Cao Jianting and Zhangwei provided assis-tance on water scarcity subjects. Gao Jun andXu Ling from the Ministry of Health (MoH) worked on statistical health data. A team fromthe Rural Water Supply Central Disease Control(CDC) lead by Fan Fucheng and Tao Yong pro-vided assistance on particularly drinking waterand partly health related data.
In Shanghai, a team lead by Prof. Peng Xizheat the Fudan University, included Chen Yan, TianWenhua and Cheng Yuan. In Chongqing, a teamlead by Ass. Prof. Chen Gangcai at the ChongqingAcademy of Environmental Science includedWang Fei, Ran Tao, Zhou Zhien, Liu Lanyu, andChen Derong in addition to Yang Xioalin, XiangXinzhi and Qin Lei from Chongqing CDC andTang Guil from Chongqing MoH.
International experts have included HaakonVennemo and Henrik Lindhjem (ECON),Kristin Aunan and Hans Martin Seip (CICERO),Alan Krupnick, Sandy Hoffmann and MichaelMcWilliams (RFF), Bjorn Larsen and RamonOrtiz (independent consultants).
At the World Bank, the project was coordi-nated by Jostein Nygard, task team leader(EASRE) under the overall supervision ofMagda Lovei (EASOP). Substantive inputs wereprovided by Maureen Cropper (DEC), TamerSamah Rabie (ECSHD), while technical sup-port was provided by Marija Kuzmanovic andAndrew Murray (EASEN/EASRE).
The current report has mainly be written byMaureen Cropper, Tamer Rabie, Haakon Ven-nemo, Kristin Aunan, Hans Martin Seip, YuFang, Guo Xiaoming and Jostein Nygard, whilethe extensive Chinese expert team has mainlybeen writing the progress and backgroundreports that this report builds upon. The RFF,Shanghai and Chongqing teams have been writ-ing the “Willingness to Pay for Reduced Mortal-ity Risk Reduction in Shanghai and Chongqing”study, which is also being published as a sepa-rate World Bank discussion paper report.Mainly based upon work by Bjorn Larsen, aseparate discussion paper report “China HealthEffects of Indoor Air Pollution” is also beingpublished.
Peer reviewers included Chris Nielsen (Har-vard University), Hao Jiming (Tsinghua Uni-versity), Kseniya Lvovsky (World Bank,SASES), Rita Klees (World Bank, ENV), andAnil Markandy (ECSSD). Additional reviewsand comments were provided by David Dollar,Bert Hofman and Andres Liebenthal (WorldBank, Beijing), Maria Teresa Serra (EASES/EAPVP) Julien Labonne and Jian Xie (EASES/EASRE), Anjali Acharya and Giovanni Ruta(ENV) and Charles E. Di Leva (LEGEN).
Coordination of the study within SEPA, hasbeen made by their Foreign Economic Cooper-ation Office (FECO) with Wang Xin and XieYongming. Personnel within SEPA’s Planningand Finance, Pollution Control and Science andTechnology departments in addition MoH per-sonnel have reviewed the report extensively.
The report was edited by Robert Livernash,consultant. Circle Graphics designed and man-aged desktopping. Production was supervised byJaime Alvarez. Photos provided by John Liu, theEnvironmental Education Media Project, froma World Bank-contracted film “A Green Call”.Chinese translation was provided by the transla-tion desk at SEPAs Department of InternationalCooperation.
Finally, we would like to express our gratitudeto the Government of Norway and Finland,which provided the main trust funds (TFESSD)to carry out the study. The study was also sup-ported by the World Bank’s own funding.
Reporters, I want to know these Chinese mentioned in the report receive political pressure or not.THX.
Update: 相关文章世行中国污染报告遭删节
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一次性纸杯你可能使用过，但是有没有关心过当中的安全及健康问题呢？今天的南方都市报A3-02版用了半个篇幅报道了：一次性纸杯要谨查慎买（记者 袁明）。
据介绍，市场上一些纸杯看上去洁白干净，实际上有可能添加了有致癌危险的荧光增白剂；还有一些厂家使用廉价的工业用粘合剂和工业油墨等材料，使用时会散发出异味，长期使用会对健康造成不良影响。
人民网给出了中国质量万里行促进会的纸杯选用指引，其中第一条最为有指导作用：
产品包装上应注明生产企业的名称，地址，产品的执行标准，生产日期，有效期等。纸杯产品技术性能应执行QB/T2294-1997《纸杯》标准，也可执行企业标准。但卫生指标必须执行GB11680-1989《食品包装用原纸卫生指标》。
不过，与其让每一位民众成为一个健康专家，为何监管部门的工作不得力却不了了之呢？有害纸杯的生产、流通、销售环节，本应由质监、工商及卫生行政部门对其进行约束和惩处。现在，却成为了简单的卫生宣传工作了。
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Tags: 健康知识, 健康行为, 环境卫生无锡饮用水源受蓝藻污染事件正受冷处理，似乎显示污染受到控制，当局希望尽快将其作为污点抹去，殊不知此污染已受到国际社会关注，比如说单位的Taihu lake pollution: Net frenzy and government response，而ChinaDigitalTimes的另一篇报道却被GFWed了。官员们都不知道自己被民众嘲笑和唾骂。
虽然政府承认无锡水源受氮磷污染，但更多疯狂的声音叫嚷了出来：无锡市委书记带头喝开水，举杯畅饮后称味道正常，清华大学教授厨房监督烧开水。其中的一则相关新闻，耐人寻味：
据新华社电（记者郭奔胜）无锡市居民丁某采用发手机短信形式，散布“太湖水致癌物超标”的谣言，涉嫌扰乱公共秩序，6日被无锡警方查获，现已被依法行政拘留。近日，无锡市警方在工作中发现有人利用手机短信散布谣言，称“太湖水致癌物超标200倍”，引起一些市民恐慌。警方立即组织警力调查走访，很快查明散布此谣言的是家住无锡沁园新村的丁某。据丁某交代，自5月31日晚起陆续向130余人散布了上述内容的手机短信，并导致了更大范围扩散。
《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚法》第二十五条规定：散布谣言、谎报疫情、警情或以其他手法故意扰乱公共秩序的，处五日以上十日以下拘留。据此，无锡警方依法对丁某作出行政拘留10天的决定。
看来，谣言的定义是由警方制定的，而不是科学家。2003年一篇报道（不算严格意义的科学研究），和无锡警方、新华社的做法、论调完全相反：无锡太湖水域藻类毒素污染与人群健康关系研究，其中提到：
[目的] 揭示无锡太湖水域藻类毒素污染现状，初步探讨微囊藻毒素(Microcystin，MC)对人群肝脏酶影响和与消化道恶性肿瘤死亡率的关系。[方法] 设暴露组和非暴露组，调查水样和鱼样MC含量及消化道肿瘤死亡率。[结果] 水样总的阳性率为29．35％，均值为1413．02pg／mL，太湖水阳性率最高为100％，深井水最安全。7种鱼类MC阳性率为100％，肝脏中MC 均值高于肌肉，分别为28．8ng／g和4Ong／g。肝脏酶指标GGT和AP暴露组高于非暴露组。差异有极显著性(P<0．01)。随着水中……
此外，在65℃预处理提高蓝绿藻基因及毒素检测水平一文中，参考文献提到了蓝藻毒素与癌症的研究。PubMed里面，以Blue Algae和Cancer搜索更有不少这样的。
港人一贯在食品卫生上给了大陆很多的监督，这次反映冷淡，和他们缺乏足够的敏感有关。而抵制港府禁烟的梁文道在时政专题里说了：蓝藻、太湖、大闸蟹和食品，也算是一个安全的警告
一个30年，让我们忘记了切肤之痛。一个18年，让我们又忘了炮烙之伤。太湖蓝藻暴发，什么时候又会被我们忘记呢？
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